Gauss Guns :: physics gauss gun

The hypothesis behind gauss weapons is that you can take electrical vitality and convert it to active vitality by utilizing an electromagnetic vitality stockpiling field. Fundamentally, you take a ferrous article (the shot) and spot it toward one side of an empty solenoid. At the point when power is applied to the curls inside the solenoid, an attractive field is created which pulls the shot towards the focal point of the loops. As the shot arrives at the middle and proceeds, the attractive force diminishes and in the long run inverts. Before this occurs, you have to either close off the field, or opposite it. This will permit the molecule to proceed out the contrary side of the solenoid and past, accordingly being a weapon. This framework can't make for an incredible shot without getting restrictively depleting regarding power for the curls. Be that as it may, it is conceivable to arrange different loops and via cautiously timing electrical heartbeats fire the shot with substantially more increasing speed. Nonetheless, as far as a man-compact firearm, anything past a solitary stage would be excessively overwhelming, while a solitary stage weapon that is convenient can't create an excess of power. Accordingly, there are no troopers conveying Gauss rifles. The equation for Projectile Force from a Gauss Gun F = A*N*I(((ÃŽ ¼0*N*I)/(2*(c)2))+(1/CL)) Breakdown of Formula: F = Final power of shot, in Newtons A = Area of cross-segment of barrel, in meters N = Number of turns in solenoid curl I = Current through curls, in Amperes ÃŽ ¼0 = The porousness of free space (12.5663*10-7) in Teslas c = (ra/2b) Found from estimations in figure 1 C = Quantity of electric charge, in Coulombs (A/s) L = Length of barrel, in meters Utilizing this recipe and the mass of your shot, you can decide the quickening your shot will have while leaving the weapon. (F=ma) There are such a large number of factors to ever discover a completely productive arrangement for a gauss firearm, however it is conceivable to discover different arrangements that give an extremely elevated level of proficiency. On the off chance that you are hoping to see a gauss firearm being utilized as a weapon, your most solid option is excessively run out and get some advanced computer game. As of right now, there are no known (unclassified?) compact weapons that discharge with electromagnetic powers. In any case, some model, tabletop measured models have been fabricated, and underneath you can discover a few connects to see some current tests in Gauss Gun innovation. Sam Barros' POWERLABS at present has manufactured a decent single stage Gauss Gun and there are likewise building up a ground-breaking multi-stage weapon.

Coke as Cleaning Agent Essay Example for Free

Coke as Cleaning Agent Essay Trademark Facts Coke is known for being the most perceived trademark in the entirety of the world, flaunting a close to 94% brand acknowledgment by the universes populace. One contributing component to this measurement is a drawn out organization with the Olympics. This association started at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam. In 1983, Diet Coke was propelled in Australia and inside a year turned into the number two soda pop of decision in the nation, after Coke. Coke additionally brags more than 500 brands and all the more then 1,200 packaging plants in different pieces of the world. Supported Links Mechanical Hand Cleaner Antibacterial, Protective Hand Soap Multi-reason Ind. Hand Solutions www.chemsearch.ph/handsoap Purchaser Facts As per CokeFacts.com, it is assessed that almost 10,450 soda pops from Coca-Cola are devoured each second of consistently. Ten jugs of Coke on normal were devoured during the primary year that Coke was conveyed. In 2009, it is assessed that more than one billion servings are devoured each and every day. Cooking Agent Facts Coke can likewise be utilized in various cooking circumstances. Numerous individuals will pour an entire container of Coke into a preparing dish and afterward wrap up the ham or other meat of decision in aluminum foil. They will at that point prepare the ham while it is resting in the container loaded up with Coke. It is said to create a soggy ham once it is totally done. Cleaning Agent Facts Shockingly, Coke can be an extraordinary cleaning operator also. It very well may be utilized to clear consumption off of vehicle battery terminals, to extricate a corroded jolt or help to evacuate film off of your vehicle windshield. One of the most strange uses for Coke is to utilize it as a cleaning specialist for the can. Evidently, you can empty a jar of Coke into the latrine, let it sit for a few minutes, and afterward flush the can. The outcome: a spotless and practical can. Understand more: Facts About Coke | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/about_5409773_coke.html#ixzz2K5itRtDt

So, Howd It Go Richmond Writing

So, How’d It Go Richmond Writing By Wendi E. Berry http://www.flickr.com/photos/homard/2620225309/ On Feb. 23, my advanced academic writing students from the School of Professional and Continuing Studies confronted their iPods. After blogging as a prewrite and writing their  critiquesâ€"in this case 600-word reviews of movies or TV episodesâ€"they scaled what they’d written down to 300 words and prepared to tape their voices. They’d already been reading sections of their papers aloud each week in class in order to slow down, hear where they faltered, and find what worked and what needed to be re-structured and re-worded. Now they faced this new prospect.    Their voices would be taped and they would listen to the recordings with their classmates.  This is what petrified them the most. One of my students, Janice, in reflecting on that initial fear wrote, “I liked listening … even when [classmates] did not enjoy listening to their own. It seems as if all of us felt the same way, although after the first listen, we seemed to get over the initial feelings of dread at hearing our own voices.” Another student Seth admitted when we listened to my recording in class I could not hold my head up, even though I heard the class making positive remarks.” An interesting thing happened during recording, and then later as they heard as each other’s podcasts.    Students became more aware of audience and the effect that had on revision.    For Deborah, the rhetorical situation became real.    In a reflective cover letter, she confided, “I was horrified at the thought of my fellow students listening to me ramble over grammatical errors and stumbling over misplaced words. I instantly began revising my paper, as well as practicing how I would say the words.” Seth acknowledged that before this assignment revision was usually “a one-time read over and making some minor grammar corrections.” When he taped his voice with the iPod, he found that he paused often to make more precise word choices and to vary his sentence length. The biggest change was a global overhaul to the structure and moving paragraphs around to ensure his message was being heard the way he intended it. He noted that “being able to listen to my classmates was a big help.    This gave me an opportunity to compare and contrast my recording to theirs. From listening, I noticed they had sufficient details which I lacked in the beginning.” Another student Ryan became “obsessed  with the clarity of the writing.    â€œI spent a good amount of time choosing descriptive words such as ‘greasy,’ and ‘rusting,’” he wrote in his letter about the experience. While not all students would say the assignment was enjoyable, most thought it was worthwhile. My class had the good fortune of being able to visit the Technology Learning Center (TLC) and get help from student consultants with uploading files onto Blackboard. One cable was not the right kind, but other than quickly switching cables, uploading was not an issue.    What’s the next pedagogical step for student podcasting?   I plan to use it in the summer with my English 202U students for a preliminary assignment on the way to writing a longer, more developed paper on “What Happened to the American Dream?”

Litmus Paper and the Litmus Test

You can make paper test strips to determine the pH of an aqueous solution by treating filter paper with any of the common pH indicators. One of the first indicators used for this purpose was litmus. Litmus paper is paper that has been treated with a specific indicator—a mixture of 10 to 15 natural dyes obtained from lichens (mainly Roccella tinctoria) that turns red in response to acidic conditions (pH 7). When the pH is neutral (pH 7), then the dye is purple. History The first known use of litmus was around 1300 CE by Spanish alchemist Arnaldus de Villa Nova. The blue dye has been extracted from lichens since the 16th century. The word litmus comes from the old Norse word for dye or color. While all litmus paper acts as pH paper, the opposite is not true. Its incorrect to refer to all pH paper as litmus paper. Fast Facts: Litmus Paper Litmus paper is a type of pH paper made by treating the paper with natural dyes from lichens.The litmus test is performed by placing a small drop of sample onto the colored paper.Usually, litmus paper is either red or blue. Red paper turns blue when the pH is alkaline, while blue paper turns red when the pH turns acidic.While litmus paper is most often used to test the pH of liquids, it can be used to test gases if the paper is dampened with distilled water before exposure to the gas. Litmus Test To perform the test, place a drop of liquid sample on a small strip of paper or dip a piece of litmus paper in a small specimen of the sample. Ideally, dont dip litmus paper in an entire container of a chemical; the dye could contaminate a potentially valuable sample. The litmus test is a quick method of determining whether a liquid or gaseous solution is acidic or basic (alkaline). The test can be performed using litmus paper or an aqueous solution containing litmus dye. Initially, litmus paper is either red or blue. The blue paper changes to red, indicating acidity somewhere between the pH range of 4.5 to 8.3. (Note, however, that 8.3 is alkaline.)  Red litmus paper can indicate alkalinity with a change to blue. In general, litmus paper is red below a pH of 4.5 and blue above a pH of 8.3. If the paper turns purple, this indicates the pH is near neutral. Red paper that does not change color indicates the sample is an acid. Blue paper that does not change color indicates the sample is a base. Remember, acids and bases refer only to aqueous (water-based) solutions, so pH paper wont change color in non-aqueous liquids, such as vegetable oil. Litmus paper may be dampened with distilled water to give a color change for a gaseous sample. Gases change the color of the entire litmus strip since the whole surface is exposed. Neutral gases, such as oxygen and nitrogen, do not change the color of the pH paper. Litmus paper that has changed from red to blue can be reused as blue litmus paper. Paper that has changed from blue to red can be reused as red litmus paper. Limitations The litmus test is quick and simple, but it suffers from a few limitations. First, its not an accurate indicator of pH. It does not yield a numerical pH value. Instead, it roughly indicates whether a sample is an acid or a base. Second, the paper can change colors for other reasons besides an acid-base reaction. For example, blue litmus paper turns white in chlorine gas. This color change is due to bleaching of the dye from hypochlorite ions, not acidity/basicity. Alternatives to Litmus Paper Litmus paper is handy as a general acid-base indicator, but you can get much more specific results if you use an indicator that has a more narrow test range or that offers a wider color range. Red cabbage juice, for example, changes color in response to pH all the way from red (pH 2) through blue at neutral pH to greenish-yellow at pH 12, plus you are more likely to find cabbage at the local grocery store than lichen. The dyes orcein  and azolitmin yield results comparable to those of litmus paper.

Essay about Technology and Social Justice - 663 Words

In Technology and Social Justice (pp. 132-141) Freeman Dyson expresses a deep optimism about humans ability to use technological innovation to increase social justice. Exactly how does Dyson answer pessimistic doubts that technological innovations frequently serve to increase social oppression and inequality? What is your assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of Dysons response to that pessimistic perspective? Freeman Dyson answers the pessimistic doubts that technological innovations serve to increase social oppression and inequality by discussing the difference in technology between the rich and the poor. He explains how technology is a contributing factor in creating social injustice and endorses his deduction. He explains†¦show more content†¦Once we are through playing with it and the new wears off, we are more apt to allow others to have it, as long as there is something newer to replace it. Dyson addresses the pessimistic doubts that technology innovations frequently serve to increase social oppression and inequality. He discussed the difference in technology between the rich and the poor. He explains the effects of technology as it is contributed in a practical way to social justice. Dyson supports his conclusion though a combination of historical reflection, personal anecdotes, and the exercise of technological and moral imagination (Winston and Edelbach). Dyson begins to address the pessimistic doubts with historical examples. In the fourteenth century the new technology of printing transformed the face of Europe. Among people throughout Europe books and education was spread. Printing paved the way for the Protestant Reformation in Northern Europe. That was made possible by the printing of the Bible. Technology was also used in practical ways throughout the next centuries. Public health technology through clean water supplies, sewage treatment, vaccination, and antibiotics. Public health technology was used to protect the rich from contagion and sickness for the poor if it was available. Technology of synthetic material was once a way to determine the rich from the poor. That was until the nineteenth century thatShow MoreRelatedDiscrimination, Social Justice And Technology1970 Words   |  8 PagesWhen I first got introduced to this essay in my English class we were given three broad topics to choose from: discrimination, social justice and technology. Immediately I knew I wanted to pursue an area related with social justice because technology did not interest me one bit and I have already written copious amounts of papers on discrimination. However, I was not opposed to writing about something that could be deemed discriminatory and socially injustice. So with this notion in mi nd, it leadRead MoreAn Analysis of Freeman Dysons Essay, Technology and Social Justice577 Words   |  2 Pagesï » ¿Freeman Dyson on Technology and Progress Freeman Dysons essay/lecture Technology and Social Justice details the scientist and social philosophers overall view on technology and how it can be used to face the problems of modern civilization. Insisting that poverty can be significantly diminished if not eradicated through the use of certain technologies, Dysons vision seems almost naè ª °ve in its vision of the utopia that could be produced with the combination of solar energy, genetic engineeringRead MoreCriminal Justice Trends Evnaluatio1253 Words   |  6 PagesCriminal Justice Trends Evaluation 1 Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation December 10, 2012 CJA/394 Troy Hokanson Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation 2 Introduction The criminal justice system is very important to American society. 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The use of technology daily has enabled neighbors, employers, law officialsRead MoreThe Principle Of Market Justice915 Words   |  4 PagesThe principle of market justice is a system where medical care and benefits are distributed on the basis of people willing and able to pay. Moreover, the principle of market justice assumes that the free-market forces for supply and demand can govern health care, individuals are responsible for their achievements, and the market works best with minimal inference with the government (Shi and Singh, 2013). On the contrary, the principle of social justice is when health care is equally distributed,Read MoreThe Organization Financing And Delivery Of Healthcare Systems Essay948 Words   |  4 Pagesthe population. Also important is protecting the residents against the financial consequences of ill-health (The WHO). The he alth care system of a nation is not an independent entity. 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High on cost, unequal in accessRead MoreThe Issue Of Social Media1748 Words   |  7 P agesIssue 2- Social Media Unlike distance learning which a tool that delivers education to students is; social media is a form of communication that many of our students utilize to learn about matters that are going on around the campus and around the world. As stated by Ratliff, (2011) â€Å"Communication with student on campuses of higher education continues to drastically change† (p.1). There are many colleges and universities around the country that use social media to communicate a variety of information

Business Organization Free Essays

I started my Lawn Mowing Service as a sole proprietorship. I bought the lawn mover, edge trimmer, gasoline, and rake. I mowed neighbor’s yards. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Organization or any similar topic only for you Order Now I got all the profits. If I did a bad job, or could not mow because of weather, I took a loss. I was very successful and made a lot of money and had 100 yards to tend every month. But I got tired of mowing 100 yards a month and working between 10 and 12 hour days. I needed help. I asked my parents if they would help and I would pay them half of what I made on each yard they mowed. They said: â€Å"No, we want the full amount for each yard mowed. The only way that they would be able to get the full amount is to produce their own yard service tools. If I had to provide them, I did not want to lose money for my material. We agreed to a deal that everything would be 50/50. This is when we formed a partnership. We agreed to 50/50 as they would take half the work and produce half the equipment needed. Even though it was my idea and business, 50/50 is better than no help at all and they are footing half the expenses. With this help, my business was growing faster and we were making money like crazy. With our business growing, other members of the family wanted in on the action. However, none of them wanted to actually work directly on the business as they had other jobs and did not want to work out in the heat. So, we formed a limited liability company. Each of them put up an investment, and we purchased more lawn service tools and trucks so we could easily move large mowers around town. The investment was also used to advertise the business. With having more customers now, we hired professional people what would do a great job of mowing yards and would be friendly with our customers. With having more customers, all the investors were paid back their investment and were now making a profit. At this point we were ready to expand our business to include tree service as well as landscaping. We wanted to expand so we could get contracts with the county, city, and state to mow the grass along the highways, interstates, and county roads. To expand our business, we needed a loan. We went to the bank, but they bank said: â€Å"No. Your business is too small and you do not have any assets to cover the loan. So, we decided to form a joint-stock company and made the stockholders liable for debts. In other words, we used their houses and or vehicles as collateral. When we went back to the bank they said: â€Å"Yes, a loan is no problem. If you don’t make good on the loan we’ll use the collateral to repay the debt. † With the money we were ready to expand. At the last minute we decided to buy a piece of property and open up our own nursery. This now allow ed our customers to come and pick out plants that they would like to see in their landscaping instead of us taking them to a competitor to purchase plants. How to cite Business Organization, Papers

Business Organization Free Essays

I started my Lawn Mowing Service as a sole proprietorship. I bought the lawn mover, edge trimmer, gasoline, and rake. I mowed neighbor’s yards. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Organization or any similar topic only for you Order Now I got all the profits. If I did a bad job, or could not mow because of weather, I took a loss. I was very successful and made a lot of money and had 100 yards to tend every month. But I got tired of mowing 100 yards a month and working between 10 and 12 hour days. I needed help. I asked my parents if they would help and I would pay them half of what I made on each yard they mowed. They said: â€Å"No, we want the full amount for each yard mowed. The only way that they would be able to get the full amount is to produce their own yard service tools. If I had to provide them, I did not want to lose money for my material. We agreed to a deal that everything would be 50/50. This is when we formed a partnership. We agreed to 50/50 as they would take half the work and produce half the equipment needed. Even though it was my idea and business, 50/50 is better than no help at all and they are footing half the expenses. With this help, my business was growing faster and we were making money like crazy. With our business growing, other members of the family wanted in on the action. However, none of them wanted to actually work directly on the business as they had other jobs and did not want to work out in the heat. So, we formed a limited liability company. Each of them put up an investment, and we purchased more lawn service tools and trucks so we could easily move large mowers around town. The investment was also used to advertise the business. With having more customers now, we hired professional people what would do a great job of mowing yards and would be friendly with our customers. With having more customers, all the investors were paid back their investment and were now making a profit. At this point we were ready to expand our business to include tree service as well as landscaping. We wanted to expand so we could get contracts with the county, city, and state to mow the grass along the highways, interstates, and county roads. To expand our business, we needed a loan. We went to the bank, but they bank said: â€Å"No. Your business is too small and you do not have any assets to cover the loan. So, we decided to form a joint-stock company and made the stockholders liable for debts. In other words, we used their houses and or vehicles as collateral. When we went back to the bank they said: â€Å"Yes, a loan is no problem. If you don’t make good on the loan we’ll use the collateral to repay the debt. † With the money we were ready to expand. At the last minute we decided to buy a piece of property and open up our own nursery. This now allow ed our customers to come and pick out plants that they would like to see in their landscaping instead of us taking them to a competitor to purchase plants. How to cite Business Organization, Papers

Cruelty in animal testing free essay sample

Hobbes, the cat, has been under experimentation for most of his life. This is probably the last time that he will ever have to be experimented on again. Why? Because he is probably not going to make it through this time. The makers of Herbal Essences are about to force shampoo down his throat to see what happens to its organs. Even if the cat lives through the process, they will have to kill it to see which organs were affected by the toxic chemicals. If this was an actual human going through this deadly experiment, people would be in shock. Animal testing started numerous years ago to help provide humans with information. The process of animal testing is of great importance to scientists that work in testing for toxicity, in most cosmetics and personal care products that are made every year and are put into the market after being tested on animals. We will write a custom essay sample on Cruelty in animal testing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Animals in Product Testing stated, these products have gone through a long and complex testing process that leaves millions of animals mutilated, burned, poisoned and gassed in outmoded and unnecessary tests. From these different experiments, animals are often left with different diseases like Syphilis, Herpes, or AIDS (Animal Rights: Animal Testing). Manufacturers of these different products say that they are performing these tests to assure our safety for these products. They want to make sure that humans are not in any amount of danger (Animals in Product Testing). Animal testing is an unethical process, most of the testing is invasive and unnecessarily cruel torture to an innocent animal does that make us inherently evil even though many say we do the experiments for the greater good? Inflicting pain purposely is considered wrong in society and people are punished if caught. How can we justify the killing of an animal no matter how small and insignificant, in the larger scheme is there an alternative that we can use that will not cause pain and suffering and even save costs. Yes there are several different ways we can eliminate the use of animals in testing. There are certain types of animals that scientists use for certain types of experimentation. Some well-known animals that they use for testing are: cats, dogs, mice, rats, hamsters, guinea pigs, gerbils, sheep, llamas, cattle, owls, deer, monkeys and other primates. These are not, by any means, all of the animals that they use. These are just the most common (Animal Rights: Animal Testing). For example, the Draize Test is used on white albino rabbits (S. , Jeremy). They use white albino rabbits because of their sensitive eyes and also because the formation of their tear ducts stops tears from draining away all of the foreign substance (Animal Rights: Test ). In this process, scientists rub shampoo, soap, toothpaste, oven cleaner, lipstick, or lawn products into their gorgeous, red eyes. From this point, scientists record the damage that they observed. This test can last up to eighteen days with their eyelids held open with a clip. Many of the rabbits end up breaking their necks trying to escape from the horrifying pain. First of all, it is pointless to keep the product in their eyes for that long of a period. There is no way that even a child would have something like that in his/her eye for very long. The second reason this is unnecessary to do to a rabbit is that the eye tissue of a rabbit is completely different from humans. (S. , Jeremy). Instead of using the Draize test we can use these alternative that provide better results and less cost from the government and private companies. Nearly 50 different alternative methods and testing strategies have been developed, validated and/or accepted by international regulatory authorities. Using blood from human volunteers to test for the presence of fever-causing contaminants in intravenous medicines can save hundreds of thousands of rabbits each year from traditional pyrogen tests. EpiSkinâ„ ¢, EpiDermâ„ ¢ and SkinEthic—each composed of artificial human skin—can save thousands of rabbits each year from painful skin corrosion and irritation tests. The Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test and Isolated Chicken Eye Test use eyes from animals slaughtered for the meat industry instead of live rabbits to detect chemicals and products that are severely irritating to the eyes. The 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake Phototoxicity Test can replace the use of mice and other animals in the testing of medicines and other products for their potential to cause sunlight induced photo-toxicity. The Reduced Local Lymph Node Assay for skin allergy testing makes it possible to reduce animal use by up to 75 percent compared with traditional guinea pig and mouse tests. When testing to determine chemical concentrations that are deadly to fish and other aquatic life, use of the Fish Threshold Method can reduce the numbers of fish used by at least 70 percent compared with standard test methods. Why do companies even agree with animal experimentation? Some companies, like Clairol, demand that they do not use animal testing on their shampoo product, Herbal Essences. Even though they have cut down on animal testing, they have not eliminated the complete line of cosmetics and other products of animal experimentation (Consumer Companies Animals). There are also some companies, like Mothers Bath products, that do test on animals. The only difference is they shampoo their own dogs to see how it smells after being cleaned off with water. This type of procedure is not actual animal testing. The reason being is because it is not deathly and does not harm the animals in any way. Mothers Products inventor did mention, Beyond these happy volunteers WE DO NOT TEST ON ANIMALS. All other product testing is on ourselves, friends, family. This is the best type of testing to do, on real human beings (Mothers Cupboard Bath). The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has different laws about the safety of human’s health. In other words, the FDA and the different laws agree with animal testing. The FDA supports two different acts, the Animal Welfare Act and the Public Health Service Policy and Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (Animal Testing). The Animal Welfare Act is to assure the health of humane care and the management of dogs, cats and other certain animals that are used for research and experimentation. As well as to make sure that humane treatment of animals during the transport to help protect the owners of the animals from theft (U. S. Fish ). The Public Health Service Policy and Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals is a law that assures animal care for farm animals, mice and rats (Public Health ). The FDA feels that if animals are used instead of actual human beings, then there is no risk of taking a humans life. If animals are put under experimentation, then the loss of an animal wouldnt be as devastating as an actual person. Other companies like: Arm Hammer, Gillette, Procter Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive, SmithKline, Beecham, and Unilever still test their products on animals (S. , Jeremy). Another element why animal experimentation is wrong is because in multiple ways, it is pointless. The reason that companies even test their products on animals is because they are supposedly watching out for our safety. Most toxic products are tested on different animals. Some toxic products that are used are: soaps and detergents, oven cleaners, and toilet cleaner, etc. What is wrong with this picture? The internet site titled, Animals in Product Testing stated, no amount of animal testing can change the fact that many of these products are harmful if ingested or used in a way not intended by the manufacturer. In other words, there is no reason to force animals to swallow any toxic products, when no matter what, they would harm someone if they digested it (Animal in Product Testing). Also, many different types of drugs are very useful to human beings, but are very dangerous and deadly to animals. For example, Penicillin can help peoples lives, but actually kills guinea pigs. Another drug is Aspirin, which, in fact, causes birth defects in mice, monkeys, rats, cats, guinea pigs and dogs. Obviously, this is not a problem toward humans (Animal Rights: Animal Testing). There are many reasons why animal experimentation is meaningless, but, in many ways, it can be good according to Jack Botting and Adrian Morrison. Both of these scientist claim that animal experimentation is essential because that is the only way that cures can be invented for many diseases. Also, many other medicines have been developed through animal testing. Morrison and Botting feel that there is no difference between humans and animals. Experimenting on animals helps store precise information for humans (Botting, 78). Animal testing is also unnecessary because there is not a law saying that you have to test any product on animals (Stevens). The only product that is forced by the law, to test on animals, are certain types of chemicals and pharmaceutical products (S. , Jeremy). To think that people are so cruel against animals, and there is no reason for it. Karen Lee Stevens stated, Sophisticated alternatives to the use of animals in consumer product testing are readily available. So, from the Stevens statement, there are obviously many other ways, besides animal testing, which can be used to test different products. These different alternatives could possibly be more effective, be a better indicator for humans, have much quicker results, and it would not be involved in any kind of animal unkindness. So, why dont all companies realize that they dont have to do testing on innocent animals? There are two main reasons why it is so hard for manufacturers to use alternatives: the fright for human safety and the fright of product  assurance. The first company that changed their ways of animal testing was Revlon Cosmetics. In 1979, Revlon gave $750,000 to the Rockefeller University to research different alternatives to test their products. Different organizations such as the John Hopkins Center for the Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT), Toiletry and Fragrance Association, the Cosmetic, the International Foundation for Ethical Research, and the Soap and Detergent Association started their own research to develop different alternatives. While this research is going on, the amount of animal testing increases so that they can guarantee consistent results with the new alternatives (Stevens). The final reason why animal testing is so cruel is because innocent animals are being abused without reason. For example, many animals that are used in all of these experiments are animals that have either been stolen or are from different animals shelters. From there, they are taken to animal testing sites. All of these animal experimentation sites have been inspected, but just because the research centers are legalized, does not mean that animals arent being abused. According to Jeremy S. , A research scientist at Huntingdon Life Sciences was recently caught on videotape punching four puppies repeatedly in the face. This so-called scientist is trying to prevent humans from danger by punching puppies. The scientist tried to back up his crime by stating that he was only trying to do the puppies a favor because the product that he just made them sniff was giving them terrible effects on the body (S. , Jeremy). There is no reason to do this to such young animals, or any animals for that manner. Today, many companies have turned from animal testing. They now feel that animal experimentation is a cruel process that leaves innocent animals dead for no apparent reason. Although many companies have agreed that it is an absurd process, animal testing still is a huge part of product testing (Animals in Product Testing). After all of the reasons of why animal testing is ridiculous, hopefully a law will stop the cruel process. Although, like stated in the previous paragraph, many companies have stopped these practices and tests, there are many that still practice this process. Hobbes, the cat, could still be alive today if it wasnt for the companies that still believe that it is okay to test animals with products. A question that is brought up in many peoples mind is, why would animal testing still be going on if there a Overall, animal testing is expensive, time-consuming, unpredictable, and not easily reproducible from one lab to another (i. e. , results lack reliability). Because of their expense, cumbersomeness, and scientific limitations, animal tests have not adequately addressed the vast number of chemicals already in commercial use, nor the estimated 700 new ones introduced every year. According to Dr. Thomas Hartung, director of the Johns Hopkins University Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing, out of â€Å"some 100,000 chemicals in consumer products,†¦only about 5,000 have had significant testing so far because no one has the capacity for experiments using standard methods involving animals. †[7] While all new products must be tested for safety, using animals to assess human health risks is inefficient, unreliable, and has limited—if any—predictive value for what will happen in humans. Thankfully, private industry and a growing number of federal agencies are now acknowledging the superiority of alternative methods for safety testing. While alternative methods have not received the full scientific, industry, and government support that they deserve, progress is being made, as the development of alternative techniques becomes more widely recognized as a legitimate and important area of basic and applied scientific investigation. For example, one traditional criticism of in vitro replacement alternatives was their inability to mimic or reproduce the consequences of long-term, chronic human exposure to toxic substances. This is no longer the case. As cell culture technology has evolved, it is now possible to maintain in vitro systems for sufficiently longer periods of time—weeks or months. It is not necessary to maintain such cultures for years, as is done with some typical chronic animal tests. Long-term cell and tissue culture techniques can now allow in vitro studies of the effects of chronic, repeated exposure to toxic substances, as well as the recovery from such exposure in a shorter period of time.

To what extent did victory or defeat in war in the period 1792-1918 depend on the quality of generalship Essay Example Essay Example

To what extent did victory or defeat in war in the period 1792-1918 depend on the quality of generalship Essay Example Paper To what extent did victory or defeat in war in the period 1792-1918 depend on the quality of generalship Essay Introduction Between 1792 and 1918 there were many battles fought whose outcome relied on a variety of factors of differing importance. The quality of generalship was one of those factors, however no individual factor solely decided the outcome of wars. The quality of generalships importance on the outcome of wars was indeed significant in the Napoleonic period and the German Wars of Unification as both Napoleon and the Prussian General Staff showed, however in WW1 its importance declined, as despite poor French and British generalship the allies were still victorious. More important than the quality of generalship to the outcome of wars over the whole period was tactics.Despite drastic changes in tactics it remained consistently the most important factor in the whole period in deciding the outcome of wars. Another factor that was of less magnitude than tactics but still more important than the quality of generalship in deciding the outcome of wars was quality and numbers of soldiers. Throughout this period numbers of soldiers were consistently crucial, with the quality of soldiers becoming of increasing importance over the period as power was delegated more. Overall, to some extent victory or defeat in war did depend on generalship in both the Napoleonic period and the German wars of Unification, however in World War 1 its importance was of less significance.The area of warfare that to the largest extent victory or defeat in war in the period 1792-1918 depended on was tactics. Despite changing radically over this period tactics was consistently the most important factor in the outcome of wars from 1792-1918. During the Napoleonic period the use of envelopment to encircle the enemy was crucial to determining victory in war. Envelopment relied on fitness and commitment from soldiers as marching long distances at fast paces was common and so could also be seen to link in with growing quality of soldiers. The greatest example of envelopment being used to determine the outcome of a battle was at Ulm in 1805, which has been recognised as a victory achieved as much by marching as by fighting.This is because the French marched 500 miles from North East France to the Rhine and then the Danube to envelop the Austrians at Ulm, leading to an Austrian surrender as they were surrounded and could not unite with the Russians. The importance of Napoleon’s generalship in relation to tactics should not be undermined as he used different tactics for different battles making predicting the course of attack difficult for the enemy. Despite evolving to supporting the defender due to increased technology, tactics were equally important during the German Wars of Unification.One example that highlights the importance of tactics over numbers of soldiers and weapons was at Konnigratz in 1866 where the Prussians used battlefield concentration, converging multiple units at the same location to trap the Austrians, despite the fact the Austrians outnumbered the Prussians 240 ,000 to 130,000 and also had superior weapons. However, this victory once again also links in with the quality of generalship to some extent as the Austrian general Benedek had dithered, failing to capitalise on the numerical advantage of his army. The rate of change between the German Wars of Unification and WW1 in relation to tactics was larger than that of Napoleonic wars to German Wars of Unification due to the new strategy of trench warfare which was a key turning point in the nature of warfare, however despite this, tactics maintained their importance in defining the outcome of war. One tactic in WW1 that led to huge casualties and thus failure in battle was advancing en masse towards enemy trenches after artillery bombardment.The importance of this tactic in relation to failure was particularly prevalent at the battle of the Somme where most of the British infantry advanced en masse in open line towards enemy trenches that had not been destroyed and were subsequently cut down by German machine guns and artillery leading to 20,000 deaths. In contrast to advancing en masse the use of infantry advancing in small groups had a much more effective impact on the outcome of battles in WW1 as was shown by the German stormtroopers who used this tactic to break through Allied lines during the Battle of Caporetto in 1917. This therefore shows that tactics was the most important factor in determining the outcome of wars in this period.The area of warfare that to the second largest extent determined victory or defeat from 1792-1918 was quality and numbers of soldiers. The impact of numbers of soldiers on the outcome of war showed continuities throughout the whole period particularly as countries moved toward total war and needed to harness increasing numbers. The impact of numbers of soldiers was never more obvious than in Napoleonic warfare. The levee en masse which was ordered in 1793 conscripted all men aged 18-25, and in doing so recruited over 1 million.The larg e army allowed Napoleon to conduct his plans for European domination and the advantage of numbers was obvious in battles such as Valmy where the French won as they outnumbered the Prussians by 2000 and Jena Auerstadt where the French won as they outnumbered the Prussians by 8000. The impact of numbers of soldiers on the outcome of war was also equally important in WW1 when the key turning point came in the war with the influx of American troops, who despite lacking quality, allowed the allies to push for victory. The importance of numbers of troops can be compounded by the fact that Ludendorff attempted to launch his final offensive before the Americans were present in Europe because he knew with increased numbers on the allies side it would be difficult for the Germans to be victorious. The importance of quality of soldiers in determining the outcome of battles increased over this period.The huge numbers in Napoleonic warfare outweighed the need for soldiers of high quality and thu s many soldiers were often just ordered to bayonet charge the enemy. However in the German Wars of Unification there was a key turning point as the education of soldiers by the Prussians allowed for ‘thinking soldiers’ who could be flexible in battle, this allowed power to be delegated and in doing so increased the likelihood of victory. Despite mass conscription from most nations involved, the increased quality of soldier was evident in WW1. This was shown through highly trained and disciplined German storm troopers who were utilised effectively for penetrating enemy lines, significantly increasing the chance of victory as was shown at Caporetto in 1917. This therefore shows that quality and numbers of soldiers were the second most important factor in determining the outcome of wars in this period.Despite being of less importance than tactics, and quality and numbers of soldiers, generalship still had a significant impact on the outcome of war in the period 1792-1914. The importance of generalship varied over this period with it initially being very important, however as whole countries moved towards total war the importance of the individual general declined. The importance of one single general on the outcome of war can not be exemplified better than Napoleon. Napoleon’s ability to take risks and improvise was unrivalled in his period and led to numerous victories. One key example of the impact of Napoleon on the outcome of a battle was at Austerlitz where Napoleon constantly manouevred his troops so that he took on each section of the Russians and Austrians separately and nullifying the advantage of greater numbers as the Russians and Austrians had 86,000 to the French’s 67,000. The ingenious principle was always to try to have superior numbers at a given place.This was aided by poor communication between the Russians and Austrians which allowed Napoleon to pick them off. Generalship maintained its importance in the German Wars o f Unification, however rather than being solely reliant on one man, there was a key turning point in that power was delegated, this was largely made possible by the increased education, and thus quality, of soldiers. It was the work of the Prussian General staff which was one of the main factors responsible for the unification of all the independent German states. One of the crucial changes the General Staff enforced that contributed to victory was to state that newly developed rifled artillery would no longer be placed in the rear of the order of march for employment behind the infantry; instead, a significant detachment would travel with the advanced guard of the leading corp, and the remainder would march with the front of the main body, providing immediate artillery coverage of the advanced guard on contact and of the main body during subsequent deployment on the field.This change led to definitive victories such as Spicheren in 1870 where despite the French having the technolog ical advantage of the Chassepot, the superior organisation of the Prussian artillery led to victory. However, the importance of quality of generalship decreased in WW1 as is shown by the fact that the Allies were victorious despite possessing far less able generals than the Germans. This can be exemplified by the battle of the Somme in 1916, where Haig failed to realise that German trenches had not been destroyed by Allied bombardment and continued to send British infantry to advance en masse only to be confronted by German fire, leading to 60,000 casualties. This therefore shows that initially quality of generalship was important on the outcome of war, however this importance declined in WW1.Overall to a significant extent generalship did influence the outcome of wars in both Napoleonic warfare and the Wars of German Unification, however in WW1 it had less impact. The area of warfare that to the largest extent decided the outcome of wars from 1792 to 1914 was tactics, and this was consistently the case throughout the period despite changes in tactics, notably the key turning point being the introduction of trench warfare. Quality and numbers of soldiers were also consistently important in dictating the outcome of wars during this period, with the importance of quality increasing as more and more countries conscripted untrained soldiers. To what extent did victory or defeat in war in the period 1792-1918 depend on the quality of generalship Essay Thank you for reading this Sample!

Draft Questionaire- Hr Functions in Indigenious Companies Essays

Draft Questionaire- Hr Functions in Indigenious Companies Essays Draft Questionaire- Hr Functions in Indigenious Companies Essay Draft Questionaire- Hr Functions in Indigenious Companies Essay Dear Respondent: I am BBA student of North South University doing a survey for the partial fulfillment of Intership report that involves the practice of HR functions in indigenious companies . It will take only few minutes of your time. Your response would be of great help in accomplishing the study. However, this information is only for academic purpose and will not be disclosed elsewhere. I heartily thank you for your cooperation. For the following questions, PLEASE tick (v) your answer according to the degree of your agreement. [e. g. 5 = ‘highly agree’, 4 = ‘moderately agree’, 3 = ‘agree’, 2 = ‘moderately disagree’, 1 =‘highly disagree’] Company/Firm: ________________ Position: ______________ Education level: ______ Tenure of job: ________ Gender: _______ Age: _____ Total number of employees: _____ Independent variable: Section One Workplace Environment (IV)12345 1. Employees are not required to report what they hav e done in training (away from the job). 2. Employees have not been trained to recognize and handle difficult situation at critical market conditions. 3. Employees have not been tranied to recognize and handle threatening, aggressive, or violent behavior. . Management provide a safe working place for all employees. 5. Management promote high standards of employee health. 6. Do management and employees do volunteer jobs or any changes that can bring out the best within the organization? Independent varible: Section Two Recruitment and selection12345 1. A systemic recruitment and selection process pulls out the best candidate from the alternatives. 2. Recruitment and selection can bring success to short-term functional and long term strategic goals 3. Your organization follows all the best method of Recruitment and selection process. 4. To overcome the rapid change in the market, various new methods of Recruitment and selection should be followed. 5. Not all positions require various stages of Recruitment and selection. Independent variable: Section Three Compensation and Benefits12345 1. Compensation should relfect one’s performace in workplace. 2. Compensation and benefits is a vital tool of motivation. 3. There are various benefits in your organization. 4. Pay-for-knowledge systems are a way to translate TD results on the job. 5. All managers in your organization should be involved in active planning of Compensation and benefits with employees. 6. Non-moneytary benefits like a day off, food and accomondation is also welcomed. 7. There should be a clear direction of earning various Compensation at for different jobs. Independent variable: Section Four Performance Apprisal12345 1. Performance Apprisal should be the chief indicator for reward decisions such as promotion, increments etc. 2. A well desgined Performance Apprisal evaluates the effectiveness and contribution of employees at all levels. 3. Performance Apprisal helps to understand the feedback of employees. 4. For the growth of a successful organization Performance Apprisal evaluates the selection and classification of workers. . Performance Apprisal helps to improve the employee’s quality of performance. 6. A well developed Performance Apprisal of each employee should help management to effectively do HR planning and long term high profit margin. Independent variable: Section Five Training and Development Framework (IV) 12345 1. TD system advances the organizati ons mission and is exploited as a source of strategic advantage 2. Policy statements provide clear and consistent communication regarding expected attitudes and behaviors that support learning. 3. In many organizations TD policies are established as a part of structured career paths. . Benchmark organizations derive the content of TD from their strategic objectives, culture and values and their present and predicted competency and skill needs. 5. After every cycle of planning, implementing and evaluating a program the organization must be ready and willing to make the modifications to the program based on evaluation information. 6. TD program can overcome the risks associated with market uncertainty 7. Leadership through TD is a source of competitive advantage 8. TD brings the overall development of the organization. Dependent variable: Section Six Employee Outcomes (DV)12345 1. I feel better off after a successful training and I am motivated to apply my new skills in the role of activities. 2. I feel that selection and recruitment process in the beginning helped me to adjust the orgnization. 3. Performance Apprisal in my organzation is good source for me to increase my quality and speed. 4. I believe my organziation provides a good and safe environment that really motivates me to work effectively. 5. I have the ability to address problems and take advantage of opportunities for constructive change. 6. Compensation and benefits of my organization is done on the basis of true HR practice. Dependent variable: Section Seven Organization performance (DV)12345 1. Every year my organzation is expanding because of a systamic HR planning and practice. 2. I always feel positive working in the office 3. I have the willingness and my organization understand my desire for aquiring new knowledge. 4. I have the ability to be flexible and adapt to changes because of learning environment I have in my organization 5. My organization is paying high because of increment of revenue every year. ?Any other opinion/suggestion/recommendation that you may have or has not been covered yet:  ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬

Week Seven Discussion Topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week Seven Discussion Topic - Essay Example Lastly, people should understand the diseases that affect the human anatomy like Fibromyalgia so that they can be able to take necessary precautions to prevent them. Wrinkles affect how people look and how others perceive of them hence, scientists have researched on how Botox toxin can be utilized for treating wrinkles (â€Å"A Guide to Skin Care†). Exercise and diet as a very common topic in today’s society, and nutritionists have advised on their use so as to benefit the body (Sukovaty). Tropical treatments have been used over the years and some doctors have suggested their advantages, and why they should be used for treatment of skin disorders (Shailesh). Finally, Fibromyalgia is a very confusing condition and various attempts have been made to demystify its causes hence, it is said to be brought about by various factors (Harvey). Botox treatment for facial wrinkles involves the use of injections to paralyze and block some muscles and nerves on the face. Botox is extracted from food poisoning bacteria that affect the human body. Zelickson highlights that this bacteria can be purified and used in the treatment of wrinkles and other similar ailments through injection of muscles. In my opinion, I think Botox treatment is appropriate for treating wrinkles. This is because the results of treatment are experienced starting from the third day of treatment. Secondly, this method seems to be harmless to other body parts because it only affects the skin muscles, which are injected, or are wrinkled, and not the whole body. The treatment is also a lifestyle treatment because it is optional and the procedure can be repeated after some months. Lastly, this method has no known permanent side effects to doctors and hence, this makes it a safe method with no fear, unlike other suggested methods. Healthy living can be determined by how an

Compare and contrast Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

Compare and contrast - Essay Example The Detroit Pistons had one real offensive threat, and he was regarded too small to play in the NBA. A player that had the capability of scoring 20 to 25 points was Richard Hamilton. The strategy of the Pistons was not to try to outscore their opponent, but instead play a defensive game and hold their opponent for up to under 90 points per game. This idea worked all through the season and the way into the playoffs. The Pistons won 50 games during the regular season, which made them the number one contender during the playoffs. The Pistons won two of their playoff by using defense alone. The tournament ended with the Western Conference champions San Antonio Spurs defeating the champions of Eastern Conference New Jersey Nets 4 games to two in the Finals. For the second time, Tim Duncan was voted NBA Finals MVP (landofbasketball, 2013). This postseason also witnessed the first time all series was shown in a best-of-7 format, and it was then in the playoff history that no single team was swept in a first round. From 1984 to 2002, the first-round series were in a best-of-5 format. The Detroit Pistons progressed to the Finals of the Eastern Conference for the initial time and it is at this point that ended their quest for a third consecutive

Management within McDonalds

Management within McDonalds This report include a background of McDonalds, explanations of the topics from the weekly lecture slides, which of these option can consider to McDonalds, what option can be consider differently and a summary. McDonalds is one of the leading restaurant chains in the world, touching the lives of people everyday. The long journey of the burger brand started in 1940, when two brothers, Dick and Mac McDonald opened the first McDonalds restaurant in San Bernardino, California. Initially, they owned a hotdog stand, but after establishing the restaurant they served around 25 items, which were mostly barbequed. It became a popular and profitable teen hangout. In 1948 the brothers closed and reopened the restaurant to sell only hamburgers, milkshakes and French fries. As per the information of the McDonalds history, the major revenue came from hamburgers, which were sold at a nominal price of 15 cents. The restaurant gradually became famous and the McDonald brothers begin franchising their restaurant in the year 1953.The first franchise was taken by Neil Fox and under it; the second Mc Donalds restaurant was opened in Fresno, California. It was the first to introduce the Golden Arch design. The third and fourth restaurants were opened in Saginaw, Michigan and Downey, California, respectively. The latter is the oldest Mc Donalds restaurant still in operation. In 1954, an entrepreneur and milkshake-mixer salesman, Ray Kroc, acquired the franchise of McDonalds restaurant for outside California and Arizona. In effect, Kroc opened his first and the overall ninth restaurant in Illinois, Chicago, and gave birth to Mc Donalds Corporation. In 1958 the restaurant chain sold its 100 millionth hamburger. In 1960, Kroc renamed his company as ‘McDonalds Corporation. In 1961, Kroc convinced the McDonald brothers to sell the business rights to him for a sum $2.7milion. Later that year, the Hamburger University was opened, which gave away McDonalds restaurant Bachelor of Hamburgology degrees to students. In 1963, the mascot Ronald McDonald was born as a part of a marketing strategy in US. In 1967, the first restaurant outside US was opened in Richmond, British Columbia. In 1974, the 3000th restaurant opened in Woolwich, United Kingdom, which is the first of the country. Happy Meal was introduced in US in 1979. In 1984, the company became the main sponsor of the Summer Olympics. The year was also marked by the death of Ray Kroc. In 1988, the first restaurant opened in a communist country in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, followed by the first Soviet restaurant in Moscow (1990). In 1992, the largest McDonalds was opened in Beijing, China, having over 700 seats and was later demolished. In 1993, the first sea-going restaurant was established, aboard the Finnish Cruise-ferry Silja Europe, sailing between Helsinki and Stockholm. In 1994, McDonalds bagged the Catalyst Award for its program for ‘fostering leadership development in women. In 1996, the first Indian restaurant was opened. In 2003, the company launched the ‘Im lovin it campaign. In 2005, McDonalds started its McDelivery service in Singapore. In 2006, the chain announced that it will publish nutritional information on its packaging of all its products, for the benefit of the customers. Considering the huge success and brand McDonalds has become, the food chain is spread across the world in almost all the major cities of the globe. Being economic and user friendly, the success rate of the company cannot be doubted. These are some issues and a briefly background of them. Data Delivery is all about effectively delivering business data both structured and unstructured -to people. That doesnt mean just some of it, but all of it. Data Delivery solutions enable companies to do just that with selectivity, integrity and control to executives, associates, customers, suppliers and business partners. Data Delivery recognizes that the universe of data critical to the business extends beyond a data warehouse and BI analytics. It also includes integrated reporting solutions, regulatory compliance and risk management reporting, master data and meta-data management and data quality management and governance. The purpose of RCG ITs solution is to establish the data delivery infrastructure, data management practices and data delivery processes for disseminating essential business information. Why BI project fail: Too many Business Intelligence (BI) projects fail to deliver on their promises because expectations are frequently not met, and the hard measure of success, Return on Investment (ROI), either goes unmeasured or falls woefully short. Its no good pointing the finger of accusation at the soft ware vendors or at consultants, organizations have a responsibility to their employees and stakeholders to make sound investments and maximize ROI, and in this respect many BI projects must be re-evaluated. When BI implementations that fail to deliver the anticipated ROI, there are a number of possible explanations. There is a chance that expectations will have initially been set unreasonably high, in which case the project was really doomed from the start. Management change: You must address the whole business change, not just the individual components. Business change is complex because of the interdependencies between the business environment, the organisation, its people and supporting technologies; any change in one aspect will affect one or more of the others. Cultural change is the most important consideration. For example, about 80% of the effort and resources required for successful IT-related change are or should be deployed on the soft aspects of business change, such as changing behaviours and providing training at the right time; only 20% is required for the IT.Similarly, the cost of a new building is only a small part of the total cost of change required for new ways of working. Risk Management: Risk management includes, proactive and reactive planning, triggers, monitoring and control, risk combination, Monte Carlo distribution, RM is an integral part of the overall process of Project Management Acceptable Policies: An Acceptable Use Policy (for email usage) is an official company statement on how it expects its own employees to conduct messaging on its own businessemail system. The policyshould detail the companys position on how its email users should conduct communication within and out with the company, whether for business or personal use. What are the impacts of the IT security breaches: For many businesses, the internet has replaced traditional paper-based ways of exchanging information. However, the Internet brings its own security issues which businesses must consider. People from both inside and outside business may try to gain unauthorised access to applications and information, compromising data and applications, either unintentionally or maliciously. One of the commonest security breaches is the mishandling of log-in details or passwords by employees. Typical instances of security breaches occur when passwords are written down, shared with other people or not changed frequently Globalization: There are many different definitions of globalisation, but most acknowledge the greater movement of people, goods, capital and ideas due to increased economic integration which in turn is propelled by increased trade and investment. It is like moving towards living in a borderless world. There has always been a sharing of goods, services, knowledge and cultures between people and countries, but in recent years improved technologies and a reduction of barriers means the speed of exchange is much faster. Globalisation provides opportunities and challenges. Bigger markets can mean bigger profits which leads to greater wealth for investing in development and reducing poverty in many countries. Risk: In business today, risk plays a critical role. Almost every business decision requires executives and managers to balance risk and reward. Effectively managing the business risks is essential to an enterprises success. Select System: Select Information Systems is an established IT Consultancy with a large portfolio of private and public clients. Many Clients are using software which designed and developed to satisfy their demanding, business requirements, employing technologies which integrate with their chosen, existing IT architecture. Outsourcing: Outsourcing is contracting with another company or person to do a particular function. Almost every organization outsources in some way. Typically, the function being outsourced is considered non-core to the business. An insurance company, for example, might outsource its janitorial and landscaping operations to firms that specialize in those types of work since they are not related to insurance or strategic to the business. The outside firms that are providing the outsourcing services are third-party providers, or as they are more commonly called, service providers According to globalization, McDonalds training programs are delivered in up to 40 languages, with the primary languages being Chinese (Simplified and Traditional), English (both International/Commonwealth and U.S.), French, German, Italian, Japanese, Portuguese and Spanish for the top markets. The training materials consist of two elements: core content which applies globally for maintaining consistent food quality and services worldwide, and locale-specific content based on local menu items, food safety regulations and labour practices. The company continues to invest and support initiatives to adapt its products and services to different locales to ensure its global. McDonalds outsourcing: Fourteen McDonalds in Oregon and south-eastern Washington have been linked to the call center operated by SEI-CCS Inc. a Fargo, N.D.-based company that works closely with McDonalds. The call taker in Grand Forks enters your order into a computer and relays it back to the home restaurant, where it pops up on a screen in the kitchen. Meanwhile, a digital camera photographs your car as you drive through. The photo pops up on a separate screen next to the order at the drive-through cashiers window to match the order with the car. A total of 50 McDonalds are expected to be on line within a few months, including seven more of Adams restaurants and five in the Portland area, he said. McDonalds Management change: The changes have been implemented for enhancing the promotional and advertising campaign of the company and to make the company more competitive and adjust the organization to the existing changes emerging with its internal and external environment not bring it to its downturn.With the change management process implemented by McDonald, there is certain resistance or conflicts that have been encountered. The following are resistance faced by McDonald and its plausible solutions to be taken: perception or reaction of McDonalds employees and customers, McDonalds organizational culture and absence of support. Therefore, it is concluded that, changes of management is not bad as long as the changes made can really enhance the competitiveness and strength of an organisation.It is effective, if and only if, a thorough investigation and evaluation of the organizations performance has made. And if the study suggests that there is a need for change, then that is the only time, the organisation should imposed required changes to be done. Because, change of management system is very critical or crucial, one wrong move, the company, might faced its biggest downturn instead of strengthen and expand its business portfolio and survive to the stiff competition in the business arena. It is recommended that McDonald must see to it that the changes are well planned and implemented carefully, because these will the basis for the success and/or failure of any organisation. McDonalds project failed: A projects scope is too monolithic and gargantuan. In 2001, McDonalds planned to spend $1 billion over five years to tie all of its operations into a real-time digital network. Eventually, executives in company headquarters would have been able to see how soda dispensers and frying machines in every store were performing, at any moment. But after just two years, the fast-food giant threw in the towel. As a manager at McDonalds, I would have added in all the restaurant global, delivery service, where McDonalds car or motorbikes will deliver food to the customers indoors. This will raise McDonalds profit and make the customers very happy. Also a healthier diet actually these days will make McDonalds world wide the biggest food restaurant and keep the company to the top. For example in Greece much more people would prefer McDonalds if the food was healthier, because Greek people have on their mind that McDonalds food it is not healthier, maybe introducing a kind of a healthier menu in Greece will bring more customers to McDonalds in Greece. Also, management changes are an excellent way of introducing new menu, but I believe these days it is not necessary for McDonalds to be over advertising. It is better to find a way to launch healthier diet and to deliver them than keep advertising. Because McDonalds is already known and profitable. Last but not least, a good marketing research to overlap with other companies or restaurant might increase McDonalds customers. To sum up with, McDonalds is the biggest food restaurant, it is following the best way to launch new products and come up with the best solutions to any kind of problem. There are just a few issues that need to be differently according to my opinion. Last but not least if McDonalds follow these kinds of issues and in a correct way it will continue being the best food restaurant for years.

Critical-Thinking Questions: The Social Bond, Positive and Negative Reinforcement Essay

The Social Bond   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   According to Dan Okada (2011), Hirschi integrated the aspects of social disorganization, labeling, differential association, containment, and anomie in order to propose the elements of the social bond. The bond contains four vital elements: â€Å"attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief† (Okada, 2011, p. 42) all of which create a â€Å"bond to the conventional order† (Okada, 2011, p. 42) when fused together. It is stated that if the bond is strong, there are increased chances of prosocial behaviors and activities, whereas the opposite would mean that crime is more likely to occur (Okada, 2011).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Among the aspects relevant to the theory of the social bond which are credited to the University of Chicago are the theories of social disorganization. These theories are the â€Å"legacy of the University of Chicago† (Okada, 2011, p. 42) for their Department of Sociology is considered to be a sacred ground for America’s criminology. The school began their studies on the city of Chicago, using the various data collected from people, places, and objects found within the area. Without the numerous studies conducted regarding social disorganization by the University of Chicago, Hirschi would not have been able to integrate the aspect of social organization to explain the elements of the social bond (Okada, 2011). Reinforcement and Punishment   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Reinforcement is referred to as an event which occurs after a response and increases the frequency of said response. Reinforcement may either be positive or negative; positive reinforcement involves the â€Å"presentation of an event that strengthens or increases the likelihood of a behavior† (Kalat, 2008, p. 219). An example of positive reinforcement would be providing a child with food which he likes after the child does a good deed such as cleaning his room. The positive reinforcement is the food which the child likes, and in order to attain this reinforcement, the child then increases the behavior which helps him attain the desired outcome, which is cleaning his room (Kalat, 2008). A negative reinforcement, on the other hand, is also a form of reinforcement to increase a particular behavior; however, the reinforcement is the absence of a particular event (Kalat, 2008). For example, a mother often nags her child to wash the dishes, the negative reinforcement is the nagging, and in order to avoid it, the child, in turn, washes the dishes. On the other hand, punishment â€Å"occurs when a response is followed by an event such as pain† (Kalat, 2008, p. 222); unlike reinforcement which aims to increase the frequency of a particular response, punishment involves decreasing the frequency of a particular response. Apart from this, punishment may either be an offset or an onset of something. An example of a punishment would be removing a child’s allowance if his grades are bad (Kalat, 2008). Self-Control Theory and Delinquency   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The self-control theory states that poor child-rearing is the result of all forms of crime, for it leads to an individual’s low self-control. It is stated that parents should be able to help their children establish a sense of self-control by the age of eight and if such is not done, this can leads to delinquency (Davies, 2008).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One program which complements this theory is The Incredible Years: Parents, Teachers, and Children Training Series. This program is specifically designed for parents who have children with ages 3 to 12; it focuses on helping the parents improve their child-rearing skills, particularly their disciplinary and monitoring skills. Since parents are trained to discipline their child appropriately, this helps them help their children improve their self-control, thus, decreasing the chances of delinquency (Regoli, Hewitt, & DeLisi, 2011).   Ã‚              Ã‚   References Davies, S.J. (2008). Security supervision and management: The theory and practice of asset protection. Oxford: Elsevier, Inc. Kalat, J.W. (2008). Introduction to psychology. California: Thomson Wadsworth. Okada, D. (2011). Criminological theory and crime explanation. In M. Maguire & D. Okada (Eds.), Critical issues in crime and justice: Thought, policy, and practice (31-46). California: SAGE Publications, Inc. Regoli, R.M., Hewitt, J.D., & DeLisi, M. (2011). Delinquency in society: The essentials. Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.   

Review of Part 3 of Omnivore’s Dilemma

Review of Part 3 of The Omnivore’s Dilemma ENGL-135 Advanced Composition Professor Edmondson William McGuire In Part 3, Chapters 15, 16, and 17 of The Omnivore’s Dilemma, Michael Pollan explores looking foraging for different foods, the ethics of hunting animals and harvesting the meat from them, and giving a brief look into what brought about the paradox of The Omnivore’s Dilemma.Chapters 15, 16, and 17 bring up a lot of good points about foraging and hunting and Pollan provides through detail and research on the topics, but upon reading these chapters you find it lacking content that will keep you engaged and the material can be pretty dry at times while you get a little bit of disorganization from random topics. Chapter 15 of Omnivore's Dilemma was a short chapter on how Pollan is preparing to make a meal from all of the foraging groups. Fruits, vegetables, fungi, and meat were the components that made up this meal, he wanted to find and gather enough from eac h group to make his first.Pollan had just moved to California, so his unfamiliarity with the area was a disadvantage, so he decided to hire a companion to help him on his quest. Chapter 16 takes the reader to a different venue, Pollan discusses the beginnings of The Omnivore’s Dilemma through a research paper that was written in 1976 by Paul Rozin and titled The Selection of Foods by Rats, Humans, and Other Animals. Pollan expresses how similar we are to rats that we are omnivores, but unlike rats, we have lost our instinct of choosing food and follow advertisements as our guide.He then goes on to suggest that the problems stem from capitalistic gains and the pursuit of revenue. In chapter 17 we are taken back to Pollan on his foraging quest he started in chapter 15. This chapter looks more at the ethics of hunting and eating animals that are not processed in processing plants like we are so use to seeing. Pollan brings up reasoning on why he is a meat eater and battles with the struggle on if eating meat at a steakhouse is morally right and ethical. He goes into detail about the way the animal lived and if the animal had a long, happy, humane life.The author concludes that if we look away from how the animal goes from being on the farm to a freezer in the supermarket then people turn vegetarian and if we can’t look away then we have to find a way to accept it and determine if the animal endured a lifetime of suffering. Part 3 in the book meets two out of the three common expectations and displays some strong descriptive wording to give you a sense of imagery when you read certain parts of the book as well as give you a good understanding on the point he is trying to get across.An example of one of the statements that he uses to paint a picture for you and try to bring you there is â€Å"I began to notice things. I noticed the soft yellow globes of chamomile edging the path I hiked most afternoons, and spotted clumps of miner’s lettuce of f in the shade (Claytonia, a succulent coin-shaped green I had once grown in my Connecticut garden) and wild mustard out in the sun. (Angelo called it rapini, and said the young leaves were delicious sauteed in olive oil and garlic. ) There were blackberries in flower and the occasional edible bird: a few quail, a pair of doves. (Pollan, pg. 285) Another strength in this book is the subject matter that pertains to what the author is trying to convey to the reader, Pollan is trying to show the readers that the way we use to obtain and eat food is ever changing and will continue to change and we are easy to influence as it pertains to our diets, he does well in keeping to the theme of his book. The weaknesses of Part 3 cover two of the three common expectations and they are the lack of engagement for the reader and the order in which the subject matter is presented.This book is not tailored for someone who loves to read fantasy or action, something that will leave you hanging on the e dge of your seat wanting more. Instead what you get is someone detailing his experiences and research that supports a lot of his ideas, ethics of eating animals, and corn sex, alas no explosions or protagonist/antagonist struggle. I found myself dozing off a few times feeling like I was in an agriculture lecture or biology class.The subject matter is laid out well in some parts of the book, but Pollan jumps around a lot with the material, for instance, in chapter 15 he is foraging for food then chapter 16 is about a research article that gave him inspiration to write The Omnivore’s Dilemma, and then chapter 17 is about his moral conflict of eating steak at a steakhouse and whether or not the animal had to suffer to get to his plate. I think the book needs some improvement in this regard so the author is not jumping to different topics at random.In The Omnivore’s Dilemma, the author Michael Pollan is somewhat successful in satisfying the common expectations for the chap ters I have read, one of the expectations is both a strength and a weakness for this part of the book. I think that the book as a whole does not satisfy the common expectations with the big one being engagement, there will be people who are interested in this book but it is only a small facet of the readers out there today. The book does deliver on the use of imagery and the subject matter stays on topic most of the time and supports his ideas and theories.Later on in part 3 in the next three chapters he goes on the hunt and he elaborates on the history of pigs that are not native to California and his feelings after the kill. He then finds some wild mushrooms to pair with the meat he has acquired from harvesting the pig and talks about his adventures trying to find non-poisonous mushrooms; and the final chapter presents the author preparing the meal with all of the components he has foraged for and harvested. Works Cited Pollan, M. (2006). The Omnivore's Dilemma. New York, New York : Penguin Books.

Negative Effects Of Autobiographical Memory - 1065 Words

First-year university students are prone to stressful environments. Being away from home for the first time would often elicit negative feelings, especially loneliness and sadness. But what happens when one’s mood is consistently negative? According to the DSM-5, symptoms of clinical depression include feeling sad, or hopeless, having diminished pleasure, and having feelings of worthlessness and guilt, nearly everyday for at least 2 weeks. In simpler words, depression is a constant experience of negative emotion. This mindset would bias personal experiences, in particular, autobiographical memory. This essay will explore how the negative mood disorder, depression affects autographical memory and the role it plays. The topic was inspired†¦show more content†¦In comparison, control groups will comply with the instructions and identify specific autobiographical experiences about themselves. It should be noted that the depressed patients did not intentionally disobey the instructions; rather, the patients unintentionally and unconsciously gave general descriptions of memory. Another metanalysis also finds that, when prompted, people that depressive symptoms will tend to give general memories, especially when the memories are negative (Talarowska, Berk, Maes, GaÅ‚ecki, 2016). This may be due to the fact that emotional regulative mechanisms in the autobiographical memory will try to reduce levels of stress due to negative emotions by blocking recollection, leading to a less specific recollection. Interestingly enough, this is also shown in patients with PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder). A modern replication of these findings were done where the researchers divided participants into high or low moods based on their scores on the MAACL-R (Multiple Affect Adjective Checklist-Revised) (Moffitt et al., 1994). The participants were divided on mood scores, not on diagnosed clinical depression. The results suggested that participants whom scored higher for depressive moods on theShow MoreRelatedSubjective Happiness And Autobiographical Memories985 Words   |  4 Pagessubjective happiness and autobiographical memories, and the findings, even though the study can be a little limited, are actually interesting and could offer relevant and helpful data for future research. This essay will summarise the aforementioned study and critically evaluate Otake’s study on subjective happiness and autobiographical memory. 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